Heat Pump Basics for Homeowners

How They Work

Heat pumps move heat rather than generating it — they extract heat from outdoor air (even cold air) and pump it inside. In summer, they reverse and work like an AC.

Types

Air-source: Most common. Works in climates down to 5°F with modern cold-climate models.
Mini-split (ductless): Individual room units. Great for additions or homes without ductwork.
Ground-source (geothermal): Most efficient but most expensive to install ($15,000-$30,000).

Efficiency

Heat pumps deliver 2-3x more energy than they consume. A heat pump with a SEER2 of 20+ and HSPF2 of 10+ is excellent.

Related Guides

How to Seal Leaky Ductwork Home Humidity Control Guide Ceiling Fan Direction: Summer vs Winter How to Program Your Thermostat for Maximum Savings Ductless Mini-Split Guide

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