Heat Pump Basics for Homeowners

How They Work

Heat pumps move heat rather than generating it — they extract heat from outdoor air (even cold air) and pump it inside. In summer, they reverse and work like an AC.

Types

Air-source: Most common. Works in climates down to 5°F with modern cold-climate models.
Mini-split (ductless): Individual room units. Great for additions or homes without ductwork.
Ground-source (geothermal): Most efficient but most expensive to install ($15,000-$30,000).

Efficiency

Heat pumps deliver 2-3x more energy than they consume. A heat pump with a SEER2 of 20+ and HSPF2 of 10+ is excellent.

Related Guides

How to Change Your HVAC Air Filter Annual Furnace Maintenance Checklist How to Clean Your AC Condenser Coils How to Replace Thermostat Batteries What HVAC Noises Mean and When to Worry

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